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PMIC - Hot Swap Controllers: MAX5920BESA+T

The MAX5920BESA+T hot swap controller from Maxim Integrated is an ultra-low quiescent solution for measuring and controlling high-side current in hot-swap and other high-current applications. This solution is designed to support board-level high-side current sense amplifiers in automotive, telecom, optical and enterprise systems.

Application Fields:

• Hot-swap applications
• PCIe graphics cards and server slots
• Cloud computing and telecom systems
• Soft-start and inrush current limiting
• Power distribution systems
• CPU/GPU thermal and supply current management
• Power management for ASICs

Key Features:

• Accurate inrush current limitation
• Flexible auto-retry and over-current protection settings
• 2.5μA low quiescent current operation
• Low heat levels and low ripple operation
• Wide operating temperature range (-40℃ to 125℃)
• Voltage supply (VIN) range of 6V to 14V

Pin Assignments:

The MAX5920BESA+T hot-swap controller is available in a small 3mm x 3mm TDFN package and features eight pins. In order, they are INPUT (VIN), FLT OUTPUT, CURRENT SENSE INPUT, SUPV OUTPUT, COMMAND, STATUS, PGND and GND.

Working Principle:

The MAX5920BESA+T acts as a differential amplifier which is able to compare the input (VIN) with a set reference voltage. When the voltage at VIN is lower than the reference voltage, the MAX5920BESA+T will prevent any current to flow through it by driving the open collector output low. When the voltage at VIN is higher than the reference voltage, the MAX5920BESA+T will enable the current flow and will protect the circuit from any current overloads.

The MAX5920BESA+T has two main functions: current sensing and current controlling. The current sensing feature is used to measure the input current (VIN) and is done by the CURRENT SENSE INPUT pin. The current controlling feature is done by the COMMAND pin which is used to set the current limit by providing an external voltage between 0.5V and 4.5V to the MAX5920BESA+T. When the input current reaches the maximum current limit, the MAX5920BESA+T will switch off the circuit to prevent any current overloads.

The MAX5920BESA+T is also able to provide short-circuit protection by detecting the output voltage during a short-circuit event. When a short-circuit is detected, the MAX5920BESA+T will reduce the input current so that the device is not damaged. Additionally, the MAX5920BESA+T has an auto-retry feature which re-enables the circuit when the short-circuit is removed.

To ensure reliable operation, the MAX5920BESA+T provides several protection features, such as thermal protection and over-current protection. The thermal protection feature is used to shut off the system if the temperature becomes too high, while the over-current protection feature is used to detect any current overloads and shut off the circuit in case of an overload.

Conclusion:

The MAX5920BESA+T hot-swap controller from Maxim Integrated provides a reliable, low-power solution for current sensing and current controlling in hot-swap and other high-current applications. Its small form factor and integrated protection features make it an ideal solution for board-level current management.

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