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TVS – Diodes

Transient Voltage Suppressor diodes, commonly known as TVSs, are semiconductor components used to protect electrical circuits from high-voltage surges. The purpose of these components is to divert any excessive transients in the electrical system away from critical parts of the load. TVS diodes are typically used to protect sensitive, high-speed electronic devices and circuits from the effects of high transients and overvoltages.

MSMLJ150A/TR application field

The MSMLJ150A/TR is a widely used 150W rated Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) Diode that is widely used in electronic circuit designs such as consumer electronics, military/aerospace, telecom/networking, and industrial applications. This part offers maximum protection for TVS applications in all types of equipment ranging from 82V – 400V Transient Peak Power.

The MSMLJ150A/TR is mainly used to protect against high-transient voltages from ESD (electrostatic discharge), lightning, or any other over current or overvoltage caused by external environments. This part will provide the maximum clamping voltage and low surge leakage current capability while maintaining power dissipation level and high reliability, making it suitable for a variety of applications, such as protecting logic ICs from overvoltage transients, protecting sensitive electronic equipment from overvoltage transients, and protecting power supplies from overvoltage transients.

Working Principle of TVS Diodes

TVS diodes achieve their function by way of a one-way conduction. In an unclamped state, the anode of the TVS diode is at a higher potential than the cathode. When a potential higher than that of the anode is detected on the cathode, the TVS diode conducts and diverts the current away from the load. Usually, this is done by clamping the higher voltage to the breakdown voltage of the component, allowing the transient voltage wave to be bypassed away from the load.

TVS diodes support two levels of current: peak current, which is the largest current value possible, and the steady state current, which is the current expressed as a percentage of the peak current.

The maximum clamping voltage the diode can support is determined by the breakdown voltage specification. This breaks down voltage is the voltage required to activate the diode and turn it on. If a voltage higher than the breakdown value is detected on the cathode side, then the diode will activate and divert the current, preventing it from reaching the load. Depending on the design, a TVS diode can operate in both unidirectional and bidirectional configurations.

The peak pulse power dissipation rating (PPP) of a TVS diode is a measure of its handling capabilities when exposed to a large pulse of transient current. This rating reflects the absolute maximum power dissipation of the diode, and is typically found on the datasheet. Higher PPP ratings usually indicate a higher voltage capability.

Conclusion

It is clear that TVS diodes are vital components for protecting sensitive, high-speed electronic circuits and devices. The MSMLJ160A/TR is one of many different types of TVS diodes and offers maximum surge protection in a wide range of electronic applications. The TVS diodes works by clamping the transient voltage, allowing the transient voltage wave to be bypassed away from the load, thus preventing damage to the sensitive components. The peak pulse power dissipation rating of the TVS will determine the maximum voltage ratings support by the diode.

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