NZX10A,133

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• Diodes - Zener - Single
• NZX10A,133 application field and working principle

Zener diodes are a type of semiconductor diode that is designed to operate in the breakdown region. It is a p-n junction diode in reverse bias operation. NZX10A is a single zener diode that has a power dissipation of 500mW at 6V regulator and a zener voltage rating of 10V.Zener diode\'s application field is mainly to provide a regulated voltage in an AC powered circuits or to act as a voltage reference device in a voltage regulator circuit. The fundamental property of a zener diode is that when is connected in reverse bias it starts conducting when the reverse bias voltage applied across it reaches a certain level, called the zener voltage or breakdown voltage. At this particular voltage reverse current increases exponentially creating a steep voltage drop per unit increase in drain current and providing a very precise and stable voltage regulation over a wide range of load conditions.The working principle behind the zener diode is the zener breakdown. Zener breakdown of a diode occurs when a reverse voltage is applied across it. The reverse voltage causes heavy electron and hole concentrations in the depletion region. Electrons from the p-type side accelerates towards the anode and compresses the positive charge near junction. Similarly, holes from the n-type side accelerates towards the cathode andcompresses the negative charge near junction. Eventually if the applied reverse voltage increases, the electric field at the junction becomes strong enough to cause impact ionization. This ionization releases more electrons and holes in the depletion region drastically increasing the current flow. This process is known as Zener Breakdown or AvalancheBreakdown. Once the breakdown process starts, the zener diode continues to conduct up to a certain point at which avalanche breakdown is not possible. This reverse bias voltage at which the zener diode starts conducting and maintains its conduction is known as the zener breakdown voltage and is usually denoted as Vz. This voltage, Vz, is a very precise constant voltage source and is used in various zener diode circuits such as voltage regulator circuit.The zener breakdown process occurs very quickly and hence the zener diode is able to regulate voltage very accurately, even at very high frequencies. Therefore, the NZX10A can be used in high frequency applications such as motor control, Power over Ethernet, isolated power supplies and DC-DC converters as well.There are several advantages of using a Zener diode due to its in-built current limiter and precise regulation of break down voltage; however there are some drawbacks as well. Zener diode may consume a large amount of power if connected to a low voltage and the power supply must always be greater than the voltage rating of the diode. Additionally, a short in the circuit can cause large currents in the diode and thus a safe operating resistor must me put in series with the diode to limit and protect it.In conclusion, the NZX10A is a single zener diode with a power dissipation of 500mW at 6V regulator and a zener voltage rating of 10V. It provides reliable voltage regulation over a wide range of load conditions and can be used in applications such as motor control, Power over Ethernet, isolated power supplies and DC-DC converters. It has many advantages, but also some drawbacks that must be taken into consideration.

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