Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are passive electronic components used in various applications of electrical and electronic circuits. They are composed of two aluminum plates separated by a dielectric material. One plate, the anode, is etched and rolled to maximize the surface area and single-layer construction. The other plate, the cathode, is made of aluminum foil and oxide to form vias between the plates.

The UPW2F220MHD1TO capacitor is an aluminum electrolytic capacitor that employs aluminum foil as the anode and graphite or plasticized and dipped in liquid electrolyte as the cathode. Its polarized design features an element-electrolytic aluminum and plasticized polypropylene layer between the plates. It has a rated capacitance of 220μF and a rated voltage of 2.5V DC. This capacitor is mainly used to filter, store, and regulate power.

Application Field

The UPW2F220MHD1TO aluminium electrolytic capacitor can be used for a wide variety of applications, including power supply filtering, signal filtering, motor suppression, noise suppression, and bypass lines. It can also be used in systems that require a relatively stable capacitance value such as computers, lighting, and heating/air-conditioning. It is specialized for high ripple current and high operating temperature.

Working Principle

In an aluminium electrolytic capacitor, the dielectric material between the anode and the cathode is an oxide layer which is formed electrochemically from the reaction between the anode and the electrolyte. This layer acts to increase the capacitance by allowing the metal plates to get closer together and in turn increases the electric field between them. This capacitor type has a high energy density, so it can store more energy than other capacitor types.When a voltage is applied to the capacitor, the aluminum oxide layer allows current to flow, and then charges the two plates of the capacitor.

At low frequencies, the capacitance remains relatively constant, but at higher frequencies, the current begins to increase and the capacitance decreases due to the inductance of the capacitor. This is why aluminum electrolytic capacitors are mainly used for low-pass or high-pass filters. Additionally, the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of this type of capacitor is relatively high so it is not suitable for timestep compensation.

Conclusion

The UPW2F220MHD1TO capacitor is an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, which has the advantage of high capacitance and energy density. It is widely used for power supply filtering, signal filtering, motor suppression, noise suppression, and bypass lines, with a speciality for high ripple current and high operating temperatures.