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Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors (AECs) are capacitors in which aluminum is used as the active material on the electrodes. These capacitors were first developed in the early 1920s and became commercially available within the decade. The main feature of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is that they store high capacitance in a single package. This makes them ideal for use in portable electronics, such as mobile phones, tablets, and laptops, as well as larger systems, such as those used in automotive, transportation, and industrial applications.

URS1E222MHD Application Field and Working Principle

The URS1E222MHD is a high-performance aluminum electrolytic capacitor from Vishay. It is ideal for use in applications that need a low ESR and long life. The URS1E222MHD has a rated capacitance of 220uF, an ESR value of 1.1 Ohms, and a lifespan of 2000hours at maximum temperature of 85°C. The URS1E222MHD is designed for use in DC link circuits, automotive, lightning, and UPS applications.

The working principle of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is based on a form of electrochemical reaction. In a typical application, the capacitor is made up of two aluminum electrodes sandwiched between an electrolyte material and a dielectric material. The electrolyte material is usually a gel-like substance, such as an ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) and the dielectric material is usually a gas-filled paper. When a voltage is applied across the two electrodes, the electrolyte acts as a conductive medium and a reaction occurs. The electrons will flow from one electrode to the other, depositing a thin layer of aluminum oxide onto both electrodes. This layer acts as an insulating layer, blocking the further flow of electrons.

The formation of the aluminum oxide layer creates a difference in voltage between the two electrodes, which is proportional to the voltage applied. This will result in a charge being stored on each electrode, creating the capacitor\'s capacitance. The capacitance of the capacitor depends on the area of the electrodes and the thickness of the aluminum oxide layer.

The URS1E222MHD is a polarized capacitor, meaning the direction in which the voltage is applied across the electrodes is important. If the voltage is applied in the opposite direction, the capacitance of the capacitor may be reduced or even destroyed. Additionally, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are relatively low in frequency response compared to other capacitor types. This means they are better suited for applications that require steady DC voltages, such as in power supply circuits.

Overall, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are effective components for smoothing out DC voltages and filtering out AC voltages. They are also much more economical and easier to use than other types of capacitors, such as ceramic capacitors and tantalum capacitors. The URS1E222MHD is a high-performance aluminum electrolytic capacitor, ideal for use in DC link circuits, automotive, lightning, and UPS applications.

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