What are the composition and basic requirements of the load cell sensors?
Sensor, as one of the tools of human-machine communication, can capture all kinds of information during the operation of the machine in time, and provide technical and theoretical basis for people's next decision-making. At the same time, it also provides accurate technical support in product design and parameter research.
With the advancement of technology, the application of sensors has become more and more extensive, and has penetrated into various fields.
Take agricultural machinery as an example. The tractors of various models introduced by the Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation System in the past few years are equipped with different types of sensors. The force adjustment, position adjustment and comprehensive adjustment of the force position are all directly controlled by the sensors, which fully demonstrates the operation of the machine. The advanced nature of the process and the convenience of the driver's operation.
The composition of the force sensor
The function of the sensor is generally to convert the measured non-electricity into an electric output. It is mainly composed of four parts: sensitive components, conversion components, measuring circuits and auxiliary power supplies.
1. Sensitive element: In the sensor, the main function is to feel the change of being measured and at the same time transform the measured into an intermediate variable that is easy to transform into electricity. For example, the diaphragm pressure sensor, its sensitive element is an elastic diaphragm, its function is to transform the pressure signal into the deformation of the diaphragm, in preparation for the output of the next electric signal.
2. Conversion element: The sensor converts the intermediate non-electricity output from the sensitive original into the electric energy that can be used by the sensor through the conversion element. It mainly uses some physical, chemical or biological effects to achieve this purpose.
3. Measurement circuit: It is often difficult to directly display, record and process the power output from the conversion element. It is necessary to further transform it into a directly usable electrical signal. The measurement circuit completes this function.
4. Auxiliary power supply: In addition to the circuit power supply, some sensors also need an auxiliary power supply to provide the signal.
Basic requirements for load cells
There are many types of sensors used in machinery, but the most used ones are resistive sensors.
The internal circuit of the resistance strain load cell is generally a bridge circuit. The resistance is used as the conversion element, and the resistance is used as the conversion element, and the change of the resistance value is finally output in the form of a signal.
Because of its simple structure, good linearity and stability, and high output precision, it has received more and more attention in practice. The sensitive element used is an elastic test element, and the main body is an elastic body. Among them, the structural shape and related dimensions of the elastic body have a great influence on the performance of the load cell.
If the design of the elastic body of the load cell is unreasonable, no matter how high the processing precision of the elastic body is and how good the quality of the attached resistance strain gauge is, the load cell can achieve higher force measurement performance.
Therefore, in the selection process of the load cell, the structure of the elastomer is very important.
The design of elastomer belongs to the scope of mechanical structure design, but due to the requirement of force measurement performance, its structure is different from ordinary mechanical parts and components.
Ordinary mechanical parts and components only need to meet the strength and rigidity with a sufficiently strong safety factor, and there is no need to strictly require the force conditions or the stress distribution on the components.
However, for elastomers, in addition to meeting the requirements of mechanical strength and stiffness, it is necessary to ensure that the stress (strain) of the area where the resistance strain gage is attached to the elastomer (hereinafter referred to as the "patch area") and the load (by the Force measurement) maintain a strict corresponding relationship; at the same time, in order to improve the sensitivity of the force measurement sensor, the patch site should also reach a higher stress (strain) level.
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