100YXG120MEFC10X28

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

100YXG120MEFC10X28 Application Field and Working Principle

An aluminum electrolytic capacitor, also known as an electrolytic capacitor, is a type of capacitor which utilizes an electrolyte to achieve a larger capacitance than what is possible with a ceramic or film type capacitor. It is used primarily in power supplies, DC-DC converters, and motor control circuits, and is characterized by its large capacitance values, low cost, and simple installation.

Application Fields

An aluminum electrolytic capacitor is most commonly used in power supply and DC-DC converter circuits, where it can provide a large capacitive boost to the input voltage. It is also used in motor control circuits, where the energy stored in the capacitor can be used to alternate a motor’s direction. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are also used to filter noise in power supply lines and in signal lines. They are often used as a buffer between two sections of a circuit, allowing one section to remain isolated while the other section has a larger capacitance.

Working Principle

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors consist of two aluminum plates separated by an electrolyte material. When the plates are connected to a voltage source, the electrolyte material causes ionization of the aluminum, resulting in a stored electrical charge. The aluminum plates act as the dielectric material for the capacitor, since the electrolyte material has a much higher dielectric constant than air, thus allowing for a much larger capacitance than would be possible with two plates only separated by air.

The size of the aluminum plates determines the capacitance of the capacitor, as does the type and concentration of electrolyte material. Some aluminum electrolytic capacitors also contain a polarizing agent, such as manganese dioxide or cobalt nitrate, which increases the capacitance of the capacitor by raising the dielectric constant of the electrolyte material.

The capacitance of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be affected by changes in temperature and voltage, and can have a relatively short life span due to the deterioration of the electrolyte material. As a result, they are not generally recommended for use in high-frequency applications, and should be rated for the appropriate operating temperature and voltage.

Conclusion

The 100YXG120MEFC10X28 aluminum electrolytic capacitor is a type of capacitor which can provide a large capacitive bump due to its large internal capacitance. It is most commonly used in power supplies, DC-DC converters, and motor control circuits, where its large capacitance value and low cost make it ideal. It is affected by changes in temperature and voltage, and can have a relatively short life span if not properly rated, so it is not recommended for use in high-frequency applications.