100YXG6.8MEFC5X11

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Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are electrochemical components consisting of an aluminum oxide film separating two aluminum electrodes. With the 100YXG6.8MEFC5X11 model specifically, it consists of a series of thin and stacked aluminum chips that act as the electrodes. The constant current flows through the aluminum chips and an activated and passivated film forms on each of the chips. This activated and passivated film acts as the dielectric medium for the capacitor. Its capacitance value is dependent on the size of the chip and the quality of the film.

Advantages

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors have many distinct advantages over other capacitors. Firstly, they can have much higher levels of capacitance than other types of capacitor. They are also smaller, making them easier to incorporate into a product and making them good for applications that require a compact design. Additionally, they offer relatively low leakage current and good ripple current capability, making them suitable for higher-frequency power supply applications.

Disadvantage

The biggest disadvantage of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is their long-term reliability. Over time, the active and passivating layers may degrade, resulting in a loss of capacitance and, potentially, catastrophic failure. As the temperature of the capacitor increases, the rate of degradation increases, so aluminum electrolytic capacitors are usually not suitable for applications that operate in high temperatures.

Application Field

Due to their large capacitance values and small size, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are largely used in the electronics industry, particularly in power supply applications where they are used to filter out the high-frequency components of an AC power supply. They are also used in automotive applications, as they are well suited for use with high-voltage DC power supplies. They are also used in analog circuits, as they are able to filter out and smooth out the AC components of the incoming signal.

Working Principle

The working principle of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is relatively simple. When a pulsed current is applied to the capacitor, an electric field is created that forms an oxide layer on the anode (positive terminal). This oxide layer acts as a dielectric medium and stores the electrical charge applied to the capacitor. The capacitance of the capacitor is determined by the size of the electrode and the thickness of the oxide layer.

When the current is no longer applied, the oxide layer continues to store the charges and acts as a capacitor. Over time, some of the charges in the oxide layer will be lost due to electrical leakage, resulting in a gradual decrease in capacitance. This is why aluminum electrolytic capacitors typically have a limited lifetime and must be periodically replaced.

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