1N748

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1N748 is a type of single Zener Diode, which mainly provides a means of regulating and amplifying an electrical signal in order to ensure signal integrity in the circuit. It is commonly used in power supply circuits, current sensors, and signal detection.

In the simplest terms, it is a semiconductor device that is composed of two p-n junction diodes connected in series, in the same direction, and with the same type of material. This structure enables it to operate in two different modes depending on the input signal: as a voltage regulator in forward-biased mode, or as a current regulator in reverse mode.

When used as a voltage regulator, it works by allowing a current to flow from the input side to the output, while providing resistive feedback. This feedback helps to maintain the voltage at a certain level, regardless of any fluctuations in the input signal. When the diode is exposed to a high voltage in the reverse direction, it conducts a substantially larger current, and this current is used to regulate the output voltage.

In current sensing applications, it is used to measure the current flowing through a circuit by detecting the voltage drop across a series resistor. By measuring this drop, the device can accurately determine the amount of current that is being delivered. The 1N748 can also be used as a signal detector, where it can detect a particular waveform or size of signal to set off an alarm or other trip indicator.

In terms of its physical structure, this diode is rectangular in shape and is made up of two pieces: an anode and a cathode. The anode is the positive end, while the cathode is the negative end. It operates at a voltage of 0.5-50 Volts and has a maximum operating temperature of 150°C. It also has a typical forward voltage​ of 1.3-3.3V, with reverse leakage current​​ at 0.1mA..

Overall, the 1N748 single Zener Diode is a versatile, reliable and low cost device that can be used in many different applications. It is one of the most widely used diode due to its ability to regulate voltages, measure current and detect signals, making it an ideal choice for many industrial, automotive and consumer electronics applications.

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