200TXW180MEFC12.5X35

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Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Introduction

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are passive two-terminal electrical components, classified as capacitors, which have an anode made of a metal, typically aluminum, and a cathode of a metal oxide. They typically have an extremely large capacity for their size, providing low reactance and minimal energy loss over a wide range of frequencies, making them well-suited for many applications. They are also generally very cost-effective, due to their relatively low cost of production and low associated manufacturing costs.

200TXW180MEFC12.5X35 Application Field and Working Principle

200TXW180MEFC12.5X35 is an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with a capacitance value of 200uF, a maximum operating voltage of 180V, a maximum leakage current of 10mA, and a temperature range of -55°C to +105°C. It is constructed using a metalized polyester (or Mylar) dielectric, as well as anode and cathode leads of aluminum, which are connected to the dielectric by tinning with a nickel coating. Its rated temperature coefficient is rated at around ±20%.

The working principle of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor is due to the electrolyte contained within the capacitor\'s package which, when subjected to a voltage, causes an electrostatic field to develop between the anode and the cathode, thus creating an electrical charge. This charge then creates an electric field which is able to store energy, which is utilized in a variety of applications including high frequency operation where energy storage creates a smooth transition between AC and DC signals, power supply conditioning, voltage limiting, and de-coupling.

Applications of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are used in a variety of applications across many industries, such as audio systems, television and radio receivers, instrumentation, telecommunication, medical equipment, automotive systems, etc. In most cases they are used as DC blocking components, decoupling components, or for bypassing undesired electrical signals or noise. They are also widely used in power supplies, battery-operated devices, and motor drives, where they are used to store and release energy during start-up and run-up. Moreover, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are used where a high capacitance and high voltage rating are important, such as in the voltage doubling circuits of power supplies.

Due to their low ESR (equivalent series resistance) & ESL (equivalent series inductance), aluminum electrolytic capacitors are ideal for high frequency operation, high volume pulse applications such as power supplies, and high voltage energy storage applications such as in switching regulators. In addition to this, they are used in various measurement and control systems, signal processing, and communications equipment.

Advantages of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors have several advantages over other types of capacitors. Firstly, they offer the advantage of a very large capacitance capacity for their size, providing low reactance and minimal energy loss over a wide range of frequencies. Secondly, they are generally very cost-effective, due to their relatively low cost of production and low associated manufacturing costs. Thirdly, they offer a high voltage rating as compared to other types of capacitors, making them suitable for applications that require high voltage. Finally, they are very reliable due to their robust construction, making them suitable for use in harsh environments.

Disadvantages of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Despite their many advantages, aluminum electrolytic capacitors also have several drawbacks. Firstly, their high capacitance value, coupled with their high voltage rating, may cause them to become unstable at high frequencies, resulting in possible failure. Secondly, they are sensitive to temperature changes, due to their high temperature coefficient, and can become increasingly leaky over time, leading to deterioration of performance. Thirdly, they have a finite life-span, typically ranging from 2000 to 6000 hours, depending on the operating environment.

Conclusion

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are essential components in a large variety of applications, including but not limited to audio systems, instrumentation, telecommunication, medical equipment, and automotive systems. They are particularly well-suited for high frequency operation, high volume pulse applications, as well as high voltage applications due to their high capacitance value, low ESR & ESL, low temperature coefficient, and their robust construction. Although these components have several advantages, they also have a few drawbacks including their finite life-span and sensitivity to temperature changes. In any case, when used correctly, aluminum electrolytic capacitors remain an integral part of many applications.

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