450USC100MEFC25X25

Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are a type of capacitor often used in high capacity, high voltage applications, due to their high performance and minimal size. They are constructed with a metal oxide or aluminum layer with an electrolyte material sandwiched between two metal electrodes. This type of capacitors are often marked with a variety of codes such as 450USC100MEFC25X25. This article will explain the application field and working principle of these capacitors.

Application Field

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are routinely used for a variety of purposes in both consumer electronics and industrial applications. This type of capacitors offers a larger capacitance for a given size than other types of capacitors, which makes them an attractive choice in space-constrained applications, as well as in applications requiring a higher voltage. The capacitors can be used as a pulse generator, voltage regulator, filter capacitor, snubber capacitor, low-pressure level detector, current limiting element, and many other purposes. For example, in switched-mode power supplies, the capacitors are used to absorb the ripple voltage that is generated across the main switching stage, and to stabilize the voltage output. They are also used in audio devices, such as amplifier circuits, to store energy when a loud sound occurs.

Working Principle

The working principle of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is based on the principle of electrical double-layer capacitance. Electrical double layer capacitance occurs when there are two layers of electrical charge separated by an electrolyte. When an electric field is applied to the capacitors, a layer of positive charge forms on one side of the electrolyte and a layer of negative charge forms on the other side. This creates an electric field, which is then used to store an electrical charge. When an alternating current is applied, the electric field moves back and forth, and energy is stored in the capacitor.

The capacitance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitors is provided by the combination of the thickness of the oxide or aluminum electrode layer and the amount of electric field its creates. The electrolyte also contributes to the capacitance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitors, as it is the medium between the two electrodes. The capacitance of aluminum electrolytic capacitors are often marked with codes such as 450USC100MEFC25X25. The first part (450USC) represents the capacitance of the capacitors, in this case 450 µF. The second part (100MEFC) stands for the maximum voltage that the capacitors can tolerate, and the last part (25X25) stands for the size of the capacitor, in this case 25mm x 25mm.

Conclusion

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are an attractive choice for many applications, due to their high capacity, high voltage and small size. They are constructed with a metal oxide or aluminum layer with an electrolyte material between two metal electrodes, and are often marked with codes such as 450USC100MEFC25X25. This article provided an overview of the application field and working principle of aluminum electrolytic capacitors.