BQ25122EVM

Series:	--
Part Status:	Active
Type:	Power Management
Function:	Battery Charger
Embedded:	--
Utilized IC / Part:	BQ25122
Primary Attributes:	Li-Ion / Li-Pol (1 Cell)
Supplied Contents:	Board(s)
Secondary Attributes:	Graphical User Interface, I²C Interface

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IntroductionEvaluation and demonstration boards and kits are the go-to resources when evaluating, developing and debugging an electronic design. BQ25122EVK (Evaluation and Development Kit) is one such kit from Texas Instruments, used to evaluate and demonstrate their BQ25122EVM power management IC. The BQ25122EVM is a highly integrated switch-mode buck-boost battery charger targeting low-power wearables and portable applications. This article focuses on the application fields of BQ25122EVM and its working principle.Application Fields of BQ25122EVMThe BQ25122EVM from Texas Instrument is a compact system solution for applications ranging from 2.5 V to 16.5 V, with minimum current requirements as low as 20 mA. It can be used to drive low-voltage circuits in battery-powered systems. Its features include an adjustable output voltage range of 1.6 to 5.5 V, an adjustable switch-mode regulated output current of up to 3A, and a maximum input current of 4A. In addition, this IC can be used to monitor battery levels, to control power-management alternatives in case of system halt, and to reduce the power-consumption of connected devices. BQ25122EVM is also suitable for automotive use. Due to its wide input voltage range, it can be used for automotive applications such as backup systems, idle stop and start, and engine start/stop sensing. Moreover, the IC can be used in different battery types, such as Li-ion and LiPoly, through a Signalling and Power System Interface. Both charge-discharge and only-charge operation regimes can be set, making BQ25122EVM the perfect solution for automotive applications that require high energy-efficiency and long battery life.Working Principle of BQ25122EVMBQ25122EVM is a switch-mode buck-boost battery charger, meaning it can regulate both input and output voltages. The IC operates by adjusting the duty cycle of the output switch in order to regulate the output voltage. When there is an input voltage present, the VBATT output is believed to be the battery voltage. This output is compared with the reference voltage set by the ChargeV pin to regulate the system voltage. If the output voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the charge switch is closed, and if it is higher, the switch is open. When no input voltage is present, the VBATT output is believed to be the system output voltage, and the same comparison is used to regulate output voltage. While the BQ25122EVM can operate with both Li-ion and LiPoly batteries, a different charging method is used for each type. During Li-ion charging, the IC operates in current-mode, meaning the charge current of the system is regulated. During LiPoly charging, the charge current is regulated in a three-phase system, called trickle-charge. This system consists of a pre-charge phase, main-charge phase, and a top-off mode. ConclusionThe BQ25122EVM switch-mode buck-boost battery charger is a highly integrated system solution from Texas Instruments for low-power wearables and portable applications. It can be used to drive low-voltage circuits and offers features such as a wide input voltage range and adjustable output voltage and current settings. This IC is also suitable for automotive use. The working principle of this IC is based on regulating input and output voltages through duty cycle adjustments. For Li-ion batteries, this IC operates in current-mode, while a three-phase system is used for LiPoly charging.

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