ELXV250ETC121MF15D

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Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are a type of polarized capacitor, which are mainly used for energy storage, filtering, and pulsed power applications. An ELXV250ETC121MF15D capacitor falls into this category of capacitors.

This capacitor has a maximum capacitance of 250uF with a rated DC voltage of 16 VDC and a tolerance of +/-20%. The ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) for this capacitor is 121 mOhms at 120 Hz and 100 degrees Celsius. The total capacitor size is 15 mm diameter and 20 mm in height with a radial lead style. This aluminum electrolytic capacitor has a rated temperature of -40℃/+85℃ and long life expectancy rated at 10,000 hours.

The concept behind aluminum electrolytic capacitors is to construct a capacitor with a relatively high capacitance per unit volume. It utilizes two aluminum foils separated by an insulating layer known as a “dielectric”. An electrolyte such as boric acid, manganese dioxide, ethylene glycol, etc. is used to provide a conductive layer on the aluminum. The electrolyte acts as an ionic conductor and the field generated by the charge of the two aluminum foils wraps around the cathode.

Generally, aluminum electrolytic capacitors come with polarised leads. The cathode lead has a reversed polarity and is longer than the anode\'s lead, so it is easily identifiable. The leads provide the path of electricity, and when the capacitor is connected with the right polarity, it will function correctly.

An ELXV250ETC121MF15D capacitor is suitable for multi-purpose applications and is particularly well-suited for power supply applications, DC-DC converter circuits, oscillators, and snubbers. Some automotive applications may also use these capacitors as part of a filter capacitor. This type of capacitor is also used in some PTC thermistors to reduce the current. Other uses for this capacitor range from TV sets, transistors radios, audio equipment, power supplies, and motor drivers.

The working principle of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is relatively simple. When a potential difference is applied across the two aluminum foils, electrons move from one plate to another. The positive ions on the oxidized aluminum surface attract negative ions (i.e. chloride ions) from the electrolyte, and the negative ions on the aluminum are attracted to the positive ions (i.e. hydrogen ions) in the electrolyte. This process results in an electric charge on both plates, and a capacitor is created.

The capacitance of the capacitor is determined by the area of the plates’ surface area, the type of electrolyte, the thickness of the dielectric and the type of the plates. The current leakage is primarily determined by the age and quality of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor. A good quality, well-aged aluminum electrolytic capacitor will have significantly less current leakage than one that is new or of poor quality.

The ELXV250ETC121MF15D capacitor is rated for 10,000 operating hour expectancy, which is a significant improvement over other standard aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Additionally, this type of capacitor provides very low ESR, high ripple current capabilities, and long-life performance.

In conclusion, the ELXV250ETC121MF15D capacitor is a type of aluminum electrolytic capacitor with a maximum capacitance of 250uF and a rated DC voltage of 16 VDC, and it is suitable for a variety of applications, such as power supplies, DC-DC converter circuits, oscillators, and snubbers. It is also fairly easy to install and use, as its lead polarization is clearly indicated. Its relatively low ESR, high ripple current capabilities, and long life expectancy make it a good choice for many applications.

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