HMC4016-SX

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RF mixers are essential components in radio frequency (RF) front end circuits and are used to convert RF signals to IF or baseband signals, and are broadly employed in radio systems (such as radios, radar systems, space exploration systems, and wireless systems). The mixer operates based on the nonlinear behavior of its active device. Therefore, it is equally important to select the mixer for application field and working principle.

HMC4016-SX is a wide band 3 dB I/Q Mixer by Hittite Microwave Corporation, operating between 12 GHz and 20 GHz. This IQ Mixer utilizes two unique injection ports with 60dB of isolation at operating frequency. The device is fabricated using an AlGaAs PHEMT process, which provides excellent performance. It features wide dynamic range and linearity performance, and is suitable for many applications in microwave radio and telecom systems, such as dual-polarization power combinedtransmitters, direct broadcast satellite receivers, pointing antennas, phased array, as well as many others.

HMC4016-SX works on wave mixer principle, using two unequal-voltage signals (analog) of different frequencies. The nonlinear behavior of the VHF device within the circuit causes the input signals to mix, thereby changing their frequency levels. The first signal is known as the “main signal”, and is usually the signal that needs to be converted. The second signal is known as the “local oscillation”, and is usually a much higher frequency than that of the main signal. As both signals mix, the lower frequency main signal is converted to a higher frequency, which is usually close to the frequency of the local oscillation. At the same time, the unwanted signal spectrum will also be mixed, leading to distortions to the desired signal. Consequently, proper circuits designed is absolutely necessary to reduce the distortions.

The operation of HMC4016-SX mixer needs careful considerations. Its two ports have a substantial port isolation enabling them to be independent and consequently permit easier circuit designs. Plus, one port pair offers low SWR in the range of 12GHz to 20GHz. The input spectrum contains harmonics of the IF frequency at each of its ports, and must be filtered and converted with proper cascading. The P1 path allows a sum of input frequencies, while the P2 path allows the difference of the input frequencies, thus introducing quadrature outputs. Additionally, the mixer is designed to operate in a wide frequency ranges from280 MHz to 850MHz. At the same time, wideband performance is also achieved as a result of its excellent IP3 performance of +35 dBm and low conversion loss of 7.5 dB.

In conclusion, HMC4016-SX, as an excellent example of RF mixer, has gained extensive applications in the modern RF system due to its outstanding features. it not only works at high mixing frequency but also allows a very convenient chamber design.

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