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Thyristors - TRIACs

The BTA202X-800D,127 is a member of the Thyristors-TRIAC family of devices. A Thyristor, or a ‘Silicon Controlled Rectifier’ (SCR), is a four layer, three terminal semiconductor device. Generally, it is found in an OFF (non conductive) state. When an appropriate current or voltage is applied to the gate, then the device changes its state to an ON (conductive) mode which allows the current to pass through the device. It can either be unidirectional, as is the case with SCR, or bidirectional, as is the case with TRIAC.

A TRIAC stands for Triode for Alternative Current. It is an electronic component widely used in AC power control applications. It is basically an extension of the SCR to make it capable for both the half cycles or even the reverse half-cycle of the AC wave form. It consists of two SCRs in a back to back configuration.

The BTA202X-800D,127 is a Bidirectional Triode Thyristor that mainly provides control on transmission of electrical power from a source to a load and vice versa in AC circuits. This is achieved by opening, closing and reversing the electrical power flow. It is usually used for power switching and phase control applications.

Other applications include AC line voltage and current protections, temperature, current and voltage monitoring and AC motor speed control. It can also be deployed in household motor applications such as ceiling fans and ovens. It is also used in industrial motor control and power switching applications.

Working Principle:

The BTA202X-800D,127 is essentially two SCR’s that are connected back to back. This enables them to be triggered by two gate signals – one for the positive half cycle and the other for the negative half cycle. The gates are configured to be independent, such that when one is activated, the other is not active. The current is allowed to flow through the SCR in only one direction. The SCR’s are insulated from each other, to prevent any damage from reverse current.

When an AC voltage is applied to the device, the gate voltage is supplied to both SCR’s. It controls the flow of current in both directions. During the positive half-cycle, the SCR in series with the positive voltage will be triggered, allowing the current to flow through. Similarly, during the negative half-cycle, the current will flow through the SCR in series with the negative voltage.

This allows the BTA202X-800D,127 to toggle on and off quickly, which makes it suitable for applications such as motor speed control. It can also be used to adjust the amount of power that is being delivered by the voltage source, by controlling the amount of power being transmitted to the load.

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