L6590ED

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PMIC - AC DC Converters, Offline Switchers: L6590ED Application Field and Working Principle

The L6590ED is an offline switcher controller from STMicroelectronics, which is designed for AC-DC power conversion applications like flyback and forward converters, etc. It offers multiple system protection features and supports multiple SMPS operating frequencies. The device uses Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) for high power conversion efficiency, low standby power and high power factor correction. It also offers multiple control modes, pre-bias startup and built-in protection features, to meet different design requirements. Let\'s look into the application field and working principles of the L6590ED.

Application Field

The L6590ED is mainly used in the off-line AC-DC switching power supply. Three different topologies—flyback, forward and quasi-resonant—can be enabled in single-stage designs such as AC/DC adapters and wall-mounted power supplies. With the low start-up current and loud arc suppression, L6590ED is also suitable for applications such as solar-powered and industrial chargers. The L6590ED also enables more eco-friendly product designs, as it offers additional protection functions, finite-state machine, frequency jittering and reducing the standby power.

Working Principle

The L6590ED provides an optimized solution for the off-line SMPS. The oscillator internal block generates a pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal with a fixed frequency, controlled by an external frequency-select resistor. A dedicated current sense input is also available to control the PWM duty cycle. The particular PWM algorithm offers a wide range of applicability, thanks to the configurable operation frequency, multiple control modes and loop compensation methods. The L6590ED incorporates functions such as over-voltage protection, short-circuit protection, cycling latch mode, temperature protection, and brown-in/out protection.

The main operating current of the L6590ED is internally-regulated. For better efficiency, it features a pre-bias startup, allowing it to be connected directly to the rectified AC voltage without the need of additional resistors. Additionally, the device includes an enable/disable logic detector, composed of two comparators. The first comparator signals the system of a predetermined minimum Vcc voltage level, disabling it after the voltage threshold is inside the startup window.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the L6590ED is an ideal offline switcher controller introduced by STMicroelectronics to optimize the single-stage AC/DC power conversion applications. Offering features such as PWM control, multiple control modes, pre-bias startup, finite-state machine and system protection, the L6590ED offers improved power conversion efficiency, standby power reduction, and high power factor correction. This device is an ideal solution for a wide range of applications such as AC/DC adapters, wall-mounted power supplies, solar-powered and industrial chargers.

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