MAX1310ECM+

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Data Acquisition technology focuses on converting analog data to digital data, allowing that data to be analyzed, stored and manipulated by digital devices, such as computers. Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) are the main component of such data acquisition systems, and among those the MAX1310ECM+ is a high performance and widely used device. Herein, its application field and working principle are discussed.

The MAX1310ECM+ is a monolithic, 12-bit successive-approximation Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) that operates from an A/D Core Clock frequency as low as 50kHz up to 400kHz, as well as a low power version (MAX1310ECM+) with a sample rate of 50 kHz. This ADC has a voltage reference range of 2V full-scale and a maximum resolution up to 12-bits. Furthermore, it operates in either the single-ended or pseudo-differential input mode and data is output serially via Maxim Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) which further reduces external component count. Additionally, it has 10uV maximum input-referred offset voltage and 5ppm linearity to 16-bits with a temperature range from -40C to +125C.

The MAX1310ECM+ also features a differential input stage providing high dynamic range and a wide input range. It can directly measure reference voltages up to 2.5V and for unipolar measurement it can measure input signals up to 4.5V. As a result, it can be used for a variety of applications including precision analog-to-digital measurements from low-leakage thermocouples, or for the measurement of scaling current sources, raw battery readings in automotive, automotive body bus voltages, inverter current axis measurements and other critical industrial applications.

For its operation, the MAX1310ECM+ requires a low power supply of 2.7V to 5.25V, with an ideal operating range between 3V to 5V. It includes an on-chip, precision reference with 10μV offset and 3μV/°C drift. Furthermore, the MAX1310ECM+ is a low-power, pipelined ADC that dissipates just 75mW of power at a conversion rate of 1 MSPS (Million Samples per Second). This high-speed, low-power performance makes it ideal for energy-sensitive, battery-powered applications.

In terms of its working principle, the MAX1310ECM+ Analog-to-Digital Converter employs a pair of successive approximation registers along with a comparator to achieve its selected voltage levels. The output from the SAR is used to control the comparator, which compares the input voltage to the output from the SAR. The resulting digital code is then output on the digital interface.

The MAX1310ECM+ has 9 reference voltages (Vr) which range between 0 and 2.5V and are used to define the full-scale voltage range governed by the equation:
Vr = (Vin X 2^n) / 2^N

Where N is the ADC resolution (12-bits) and n is the number of Vr references. For example, let’s assume that Vin is 0.5V, then the equation becomes:
Vr = 0.5 * 2^12 / 2^12 = 0.5V

This means that when the input voltage is 0.5V, the output from the SAR will be equal to 0.5V. Thus, the included comparator will measure the difference between the Vin and the output voltage from the SAR and this will result in the digital output for that particular input voltage. This method can be repeated for each input voltage and the resulting digital outputs can then be used for further analysis and manipulation.

In conclusion, the MAX1310ECM+ ADC is a monolithic, 12-bit, successive-approximation Analog-to-Digital Converter which operates from an A/D Core Clock frequency as low as 50 kHz up to 400 kHz and a resolution of up to 12-bits. MAX1310ECM+ is specifically adapted to work in a variety of precision measurements and data acquisition applications and has a very low power consumption, making it ideal for energy-sensitive, battery-powered applications. Its working principle is based on the comparison of the input voltage to the output of a successive approximation register and the resulting digital code is then output on the digital interface.

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