M39003/09-2017/HSD

Operating Temperature:	-55°C ~ 125°C
Failure Rate:	B (0.1%)
Features:	Military
Manufacturer Size Code:	C
Lead Spacing:	--
Height - Seated (Max):	--
Size / Dimension:	0.289" Dia x 0.686" L (7.34mm x 17.42mm)
Package / Case:	Axial
Mounting Type:	Through Hole
Lifetime @ Temp.:	--
Series:	Military, MIL-PRF-39003/9, CSR21
ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance):	70 mOhm
Type:	Hermetically Sealed
Voltage - Rated:	10V
Tolerance:	±10%
Capacitance:	120µF
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL):	--
Part Status:	Active
Lead Free Status / RoHS Status:	--
Packaging:	Bulk

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Tantalum Capacitors

Tantalum capacitors are a type of non-polarized, solid electrolyte capacitor primarily constructed from tantalum powder. They are commonly used in electronic circuits due to their small size, low cost, and long-term reliability. The M39003/09-2017/HSD is a general-purpose, long life, capacitance-stable tantalum capacitor designed for applications ranging from high-voltage power supplies to cushioning and decoupling in low/medium power circuits.

Construction

The M39003/09-2017/HSD capacitor is composed of a tantalum cylindrical anode core, a tantalum film dielectric layer, a porous tantalum coated cathode layer, and an electrolyte. The anode is constructed from solid, highly sintered tantalum powder, while the cathode is constructed with either an oxide-coated or metal-coated layer of powder. Together, the anode and cathode work together to build up a reliable and formed gate for the capacitor. The dielectric layer separates the anode from the cathode layers, ensuring electrical insulation between them and further establishing the connection between each terminal of the capacitor.

Application Field and Working Principle

The M39003/09-2017/HSD application field is primarily in electronic circuits and in power supplies. Its purpose is to provide low-noise filtering and decoupling of power supply lines. The working principle of M39003/09-2017/HSD is based on the capacitive charging and discharging of the metal oxide on the cathode side. When the voltage is applied on the anode side, electrons are immediately attracted and transferred to the cathode, creating a positive charge. The capacitance of the M39003/09-2017/HSD is also larger than other capacitors, allowing it to store more charge. When the voltage drops, the electrons from the anode are released, transferring negative charge to the cathode side, and all the charge is returned to the anode when the voltage reaches zero.Tantalum capacitors, like the M39003/09-2017/HSD are particularly suited for high-frequency applications due to their very low equivalent series inductance (ESL). This characteristic makes them ideal for decoupling applications and guarantees low voltage spike propagation along the power lines. Additionally, the dielectric layer of the M39003/09-2017/HSD is intrinsically resistant to stress-induced conductivity degradation, meaning that this type of capacitor is highly reliable over long periods of time. The M39003/09-2017/HSD is also more immune to reverse polarity conditions, meaning that it can handle higher megohm loads without impacting the internal resistance of the capacitor.

Advantages

Tantalum capacitors have some distinct advantages compared to other types of capacitor. In addition to their small size, long term reliability, and low cost, they also offer some unique advantages. One of the most important is their ability to store a higher electric charge at a given operating voltage than other types of capacitor. Tantalum capacitors are also capable of achieving higher module stability at higher temperatures due to the high conductivity of the film. This makes them suitable for use in applications where space and weight constraints are a priority.

Disadvantages

Although tantalum capacitors have some distinct advantages, they also come with some drawbacks. The dielectric layers of tantalum capacitors are susceptible to stress-induced degradation of conductivity. This limits their ability to work at temperatures above 125 degrees Celsius. Additionally, the discharge of the capacitor is not linear like other capacitors, with a relatively rapid discharge beyond 80% of the initial voltage. Finally, the high cost associated with tantalum raw material and production process may limit their use in some cost-sensitive applications.

Conclusion

Tantalum capacitors, such as the M39003/09-2017/HSD, have become increasingly popular due to their small size, low cost, and long-term reliability. Their unique characteristics make them suitable for a wide variety of applications, such as high-power supplies, low-medium power circuits, and cushioning and decoupling. They are particularly useful in higher frequencies, owing to their very low ESL. Despite some drawbacks, such as high cost and susceptibility to degradation, tantalum capacitors are amongst the most reliable and efficient of all capacitors, making them an ideal option for many electronics applications.

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