2N3947

Series:	--
Packaging:	Bulk
Part Status:	Active
Transistor Type:	NPN
Current - Collector (Ic) (Max):	200mA
Voltage - Collector Emitter Breakdown (Max):	40V
Vce Saturation (Max) @ Ib, Ic:	300mV @ 5mA, 50mA
Current - Collector Cutoff (Max):	--
DC Current Gain (hFE) (Min) @ Ic, Vce:	100 @ 10mA, 1V
Power - Max:	1.2W
Frequency - Transition:	300MHz
Operating Temperature:	-65°C ~ 200°C (TJ)
Mounting Type:	Through Hole
Package / Case:	TO-206AA, TO-18-3 Metal Can
Supplier Device Package:	TO-18

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Introduction

The 2N3947 is a single type of bipolar junction transistor (BJT). Bipolar junction transistors are semiconductor devices that are used in circuit applications to amplify existing signal currents or open and close switches. The 2N3947 is a particular type of BJT, protecting you from over-voltages and enabling very high current gain.

General Overview

The 2N3947 serve as a power switch in circuits and are useful in Circuit Protection applications. It is a general purpose NPN single silicon transistor that can handle up to 1.2A at a collector-base voltage of 50V. It is designed for low-voltage, high-current switching applications. Its features include a maximum collector-emitter voltage of 60V, a DC current gain of 10 to 60, and a storage temperature range of -60C to 150C.

Package

The transistor is housed in TO-92 package. The package of the 2N3947 consists of three terminals which represent the base, collector and emitter. It is designed to be easily integrated into circuits and can be mounted to a printed circuit board.

The Application Field and Working Principle

Application Field

2N3947s are used in a wide range of applications, including signal conditioning, signal amplifying, and DC automotive gearbox applications. They are commonly used in signal amplifying circuits and power supply protection circuits. It performs well in anti-surge and over voltage protection circuits and is suitable for general purpose switching applications.

Working Principle

The 2N3947 is an NPN silicon transistor and the basic principle of its operation is based on the switching properties of an NPN transistor. The transistor operates by biasing the base terminal either with a positive potential or with a negative potential. When the base receives a positive bias, it switches on and current will flow from the collector to the emitter, and vice versa. The gain of the 2N3947 depends on the voltage applied to the base, and it can range from 10 to 60. The higher the voltage, the higher the gain.

Conclusion

The 2N3947 transistor is an NPN silicon transistor with excellent protection and stability features. It is a general purpose transistor which can be used in various switching applications, signal amplifying applications, and in power supply protection circuits. It is highly stable and reliable, and is also capable of handling up to 1.2A current with a collector-base voltage of 50V.

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